Testing and Treatment
Testing and Treatment
Information on private drinking and residential water testing and treatment, including how to use the Penn State drinking water test kit, use of dyes to confirm septic system failures, on-lot site evaluation and on-lot filtration.


Water Tests: What Do the Numbers Mean?
Bryan Swistock, William Sharpe, Ph.D., James Andrew Clark
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Learn how and why to test water for chemicals, bacteria, and other pollutants. More


Proper Water Well Construction
Bryan Swistock, William Sharpe, Ph.D.
Sanitary water well caps and a grout seal around the casing can prevent surface water contamination of water wells. More


Coliform Bacteria
Bryan Swistock, William Sharpe, Ph.D.
This article describes what coliform bacteria are, where they come from and how to remove them from drinking water. More


Iron and Manganese in Private Water Systems
Bryan Swistock, William Sharpe, Ph.D.
Iron and manganese cause stains and tastes in water. They can be removed with several treatment processes described in this article. More


Shock Chlorination of Wells and Springs
Bryan Swistock, William Sharpe, Ph.D.
Shock chlorination can be used to disinfect water supplies that have been contaminated as a result of a contamination incident. More


Water’s Journey Through the Shale Gas Processes
Charles Abdalla, Ph.D.
Using publicly available information, we attempt to track and quantify current water use through the stages of the gas well development process. More


Lead in Drinking Water
Bryan Swistock, William Sharpe, Ph.D., Amy Galford
Learn how to determine if your drinking water contains too much lead, and discover ways to reduce lead in your water. More


Using Low-Yielding Wells
Bryan Swistock, William Sharpe, Ph.D.
There are several steps that can be used to increase the adequacy of a low-yielding well. More


A Primer on Water Quality Credit Trading in the Mid-Atlantic Region
Charles Abdalla, Ph.D.
Water quality credit trading is a tool for reducing the cost of controlling nutrients and sediments that severely impact streams, rivers, lakes, and estuaries. More


Vertical Flow Wetlands
Bryan Swistock, William Sharpe, Ph.D.
Vertical flow wetlands (VFW) are a relatively new tool for treating waters acidified by mining or acid deposition. More