Manejo Integrado de Malezas para Árboles Frutales y Verduras:

Integrated weed management for fruit trees and vegetables Weed control is one of the most difficult aspects of growing fruits and vegetables or vegetables Weeds are a problem in these crops for several reasons They compete with the crops for nutrients Light and water They harbor pests and diseases And they provide refuge for rodents In this video we discuss how to control weeds using integrated The first steps in integrated weed management are to monitor and identify weeds You can't manage weeds without knowing what the weeds are and where they are in your field or garden It's very important to know if the weeds are grasses or broadleaf weeds And if they are annuals or perennials In fact these steps are so important that they're covered in two other Penn State Extension videos Weed inspection in fruit trees and Weed inspection in vegetable crops These two videos discuss how to inspect Identify weeds in inspection and identification provide the basic information you need to make effective weed management decisions Let's take A look at our integrated pesticide management toolbox to find the right tools we can use for integrated weed management. We use a combination of tactics to manage these poorly. These include prevention, avoidance, suppression, mechanical control, and chemical control. No matter what control measure you're going to use, remember that timing is critical. Weeds are much easier to kill when they're small. It's said that a pound of prevention is worth a pound of cure. Nowhere is that more true than in weed management. You should aim to prevent weeds from establishing and avoid the spread. A single weed has the capacity to produce hundreds and thousands of seeds. Avoid spreading them. Badly done through equipment or soil amendments like manure or compost, perennial weeds can be particularly difficult to manage. I put in crop rotations to help Weeds need light and room to walk and grow. We can suppress weed growth with things like plastic or organic mulches and cover crops. We can also use row spacing of crops, allowing the crop to close up. mechanical tillage controls include plowing cultivation and weeding called some tilling tools can bury weed seeds and roots deep beneath the surface where they can't grow other tilling tools can cut and kill poorly made tilling tools will miss only the surface of the soil primarily to kill weeds hand weeding is also sometimes necessary and some growers use many specialty tilling tools are made for fruit growers and some of these include rippers tooth or spike where grapes and a variety of and finally we have chemical controls or herbicide use it is important to understand several key concepts about how different types of herbicides work herbicides labeled for weed control can be warned preemergence or two emergence selective or nonselective and contact or transmutation we will talk about each of these in a little more detail preemergence is applied to the soil before the tillage families germinate they need moisture in the soil for activation there are pre-emergence herbicides that are effective on grasses and annual broadleaf weeds but pre-emergence versions have little or no on the contrary post-emergence herbicides are applied after the plants have emerged and have little or no activity in the soil there are a variety of postemergence that are effective on grasses and annual and perennial broadleaf weeds post-emergence herbicides can be selective or non-selective selective herbicides kill certain plants but cause little or no harm to others for example there are several have if das post-emergence that will kill grasses but not broadleaf weeds or that is received non-selective kill or damage almost all plants with which anne frank in contact large or taps herd is an example of a those exerted post-emergence can be contact or translocation contact genocides are not in the plant 1 damage the contacted parts of the plant the transmutation decisions move within the plant and are often used to control the use of herbicides on fruit and vegetable crops is a very complicated subject the pensar extension production guides for tree fruits and vegetables provide a wealth of detailed information on the safe legal and effective use of herbicides on these crops in all cases follow the diversity label directions and take steps to protect yourself from pesticide exposure we have talked about all of the different tools and strategies that we can use to manage poorly done none of these used alone will result in good weed control instead we want to use them in an integrated manner this includes using the information that you have through inspection and weed identification and using multiple control measures for best results once again when it comes to controlling to learn more about integrated weed management and other topics related to fruit and vegetable production you can talk to the extension educator in your county attend a commercial growers meeting and visit the website for Tall trees and vegetables from Penn State