Buffers Need Maintenance After Flooding
A riparian buffer has knocked over trees and tree shelters after flooding (Photo by Kristen Koch - Penn State)
Repairing young riparian buffers is not as pressing as repairing homes or businesses, but it is important to conduct an inspection after significant storms and rainfall events occur. When it rains for long periods or at high intensity, streams can't hold the large volume of water and flood onto their banks. Newly established tree plantings are at extreme risk during these events because their shallow roots are contained within the range of erodible soil. Water and debris that flow through riparian zones can also push stakes and tubes down or completely remove them from the buffer, leaving the trees exposed and vulnerable.
As soon as possible, walk through the buffer and look for stakes and tubes that are removed, broken, or bent over. It is helpful to pinpoint areas where the flow was greatest and the trees are at the most risk. Stakes and tubes that have been pushed down can bend young trees, causing irregular growth or tree death, so re-staking these tubes can help return the tree to its original position. In areas that flood frequently or experience stronger flows, it might be useful to use flexible fiberglass stakes instead of wooden ones. Any missing tubes should be replaced to prevent wildlife from foraging on the exposed trees.
It is also important to look beneath the tube at the soil surrounding the base of the tree. Since this area is typically free of weeds and other vegetation, the soil is exposed and vulnerable to erosion. It is crucial to replace any soil that has been washed away, leaving roots exposed. Lastly, water flowing around tree tubes can cause dead vegetation and other debris to build up inside and around the tubes, so inspect the tubes and clear out any debris that may block sunlight from reaching the tree. This includes removing any debris caught on the limbs of the trees that have grown taller than the tube.
Inspection and repair of riparian buffers after significant rainfall or storm events help ensure their success. It is essential to repair any damage to the buffer when the area is safe to enter so the trees can continue to thrive. While routine maintenance is conducted throughout the year, large rainfall events can cause significant damage to buffers and should be considered when planning for buffer maintenance.
Ryan Hill - Ag and Environment Center Intern 2018
