Control of Nuisance and Detrimental Molds (Fungi) in Mulches and Composts
Posted: November 20, 2012
Rebekah D. Wallace, University of Georgia, Bugwood.org dog stinkhorn Mutinus caninus
Harry A. J. Hoitink, Department of Plant Pathology, OARDC/The Ohio State University
Mulches and composts are often used to improve soils and plant health and to control weeds. They improve drainage as they decompose even though the ability of the soil to hold moisture is increased. They lower soil temperature in the summer and insulate roots from cold in winter conditions. Eventually, they mineralize, release nutrients for plants, and leave humic substances as residues. Their beneficial side effects gradually disappear unless more mulch or compost is applied.
Generally, these organic materials inhibit undesirable microorganisms such as soilborne pathogens that cause diseases of plants. They also stimulate the activity of many types of beneficial microorganisms, including mycorrhizal fungi. Occasionally, however, microorganisms (primarily fungi) in mulches and composts can become a nuisance and even cause certain diseases of plants. Whether a mulch or a compost provides beneficial or detrimental effects is largely determined by the type of organic matter from which it was produced and the degree to which it was decomposed and treated before its application in the landscape. The temperature, pH, and moisture content of the products just before application also have an effect. The severity of nuisance fungi can be minimized if appropriate steps are taken in time.
