- Annual ryegrass control is listed on Achieve, Finesse, Finesse Grass and Broadleaf, Everest, Maverick, Olympus Flex, and PowerFlex herbicide labels. However, research at Penn State and other mid-Atlantic universities has shown inconsistent results on ryegrass control. Achieve and Everest provide good control (9), but must be applied early, before the ryegrass reaches 1 inch tall; applications after this time provided poorer control. Everest may cause injury to wheat. If these products are used, be cautious of all use restrictions. After a Maverick application these rotational crops may be planted within a year: wheat—anytime; STS soybean and IR corn—3 months; soybean—5 months. Only STS soybeans can be planted 6 months following a Finesse application. Soybeans can be planted 9 months after Everest application. Do not plant corn within 24 months of Everest application.
- Downy brome control is listed on Finesse, Finesse Grass and Broadleaf, Maverick, Olympus Flex, and PowerFlex labels. (Refer to label to determine if chess or cheat species will be controlled.) In most cases, Finesse Grass and Broadleaf provides only suppression of downy brome when applied in the fall. (Control may be obtained depending on rate and timing.) Maverick, PowerFlex, and Olympus Flex provide control of downy brome when applied in the fall and suppression when applied in the spring. Soybeans can be planted 3 months after PowerFlex application. However, be cautious of crop rotation intervals when using these Maverick or Olympus Flex herbicides. Aside from STS soybeans and IR corn, most other rotational crops cannot be planted for at least 12 to 18 months or more after application depending on the herbicide used.
- Will not control ACCase-resistant annual ryegrass biotypes.
- Annual bluegrass control is listed on Osprey and Olympus Flex labels. Fall applications are best.
- There are several speedwell (Veronica) species, including corn, common, ivy leaf, and others. Depending on the species, their life cycle is either annual or perennial. Many of the commonly used small grain herbicides provide little or no control of speedwell. Finesse has a few annual and perennial speedwells listed on its label and usually provides 80–90 percent control of them. Powerflex has provided control of certain speedwell species in some university trials. Be cautious of crop rotation intervals if using Finesse. If speedwell is small, Aim provides some control/suppression.
- 2,4-D ester provides better control of hairy vetch than 2,4-D amine.
- ALS-resistant common chickweed populations have been identified in Pennsylvania since ALS herbicides (group 2 herbicides) such as Harmony Extra are routinely used in small grains and Virginia and Maryland have documented cases. If ALS-resistant chickweed is suspected, contact your local county educator to report the incident. Herbicides like 2,4–D and Banvel/Clarity have never been that effective on common chickweed and generally only provide about 60 to 70% control of this weed. The same is true for other herbicides typically used in small grains. One product that has been suggested is Starane Ultra (Dow AgroSciences) at 0.3–0.4 pt/A up to flag leaf growth stage on wheat, barley, and oats. This product is being recommended and used in the Mid-Atlantic area for control of ALS-resistant chickweed and appears to have good crop safety. However, it will not control other key species such as wild garlic, mustards, and henbit. (It will however injure/kill underseeded legumes.) Starane Ultra can be tank-mixed with Harmony Extra to broaden the spectrum of control. Starane Ultra by itself does not need an adjuvant and can be applied in nitrogen solution. Be sure to read and follow label directions. Valor SX also provides very effective residual control of common chickweed and can be used in an early preplant burndown program before seeding wheat. Apply up to 2 oz/A Valor SX (plus other burndown herbicides) at least 30 days before planting wheat. Metribuzin at 2–4 oz/A has provided excellent control of ALS-resistant chickweed in university trials; however, it does not yet have a small grains label for use in our area.
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